This site became the centre of British trade in the Indonesian archipelago until 1682. As of 2014, the population of Jakarta stood at 10million,[84] with a population density of 15,174 people/km2. [85][86] In 2014, the population of Greater Jakarta was 30million, accounting for 11% of Indonesia's overall population. [216], Government-run hospitals are of a good standard but are often overcrowded. [53] Additionally, the number of registered cultural heritage buildings has increased.[54]. [37] In the post-Suharto era, Jakarta has remained the focal point of democratic change in Indonesia. Among the commodities traded were fabrics, mainly imported cotton, batik and clothing worn by Arab communities. [23] By 1930, Batavia had more than 500,000 inhabitants,[26] including 37,067 Europeans.[27]. [23] At the beginning of the 19th century, around 400 Arabs and Moors lived in Batavia, a number that changed little during the following decades. The Senayan complex was built in 1960 to accommodate the 1962 Asian Games. The headquarters of the Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry and Indonesian Employers Association are also located in the city. [81] Inward immigration tended to negate the effect of family planning programs. Mercer's 2017 Cost of Living Survey ranked Jakarta as 88th costliest city in the world for expatriates. [170][171] The largest capacity retractable roof stadium in Asia, Jakarta International Stadium, is located at Tanjung Priok district, completed in 2022. It brings sports tourism. Jakarta has been home to multiple settlements. [215] As of 2021, 85.55% of the people of Jakarta is covered by JKN. Another football team in Jakarta is Persitara who compete in 2nd Division Football League and play in Kamal Muara Stadium and Soemantri Brodjonegoro Stadium. They also can be found in the old Chinatowns of Senen and Jatinegara. Indonesia as the Host to the "Fourth Asian Games", "Tracking the rapid loss of tidal wetlands in the Yellow Sea", "Merantau: Causes and Effects of Minangkabau Voluntary Migration", "From horsepower to electrification: Tramways in Batavia-Jakarta 18691962", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jakarta&oldid=1129287965, Source 1: Sistema de Clasificacin Bioclimtica Mundial, Taman Waduk Pluit/Pluit Lake park and Putra Putri Park at, This page was last edited on 24 December 2022, at 14:29. [115] The cost of living continues to rise. Industries include electronics, automotive, chemicals, mechanical engineering and biomedical sciences. They give priority to education, social welfare programs and religious propagation. [112] In 2017, the economic growth was 6.22%. Schultze's works include Jakarta Art Building, the Indonesia Supreme Court Building and Ministry of Finance Building, while Cuypers designed Bank Indonesia Museum and Bank Mandiri Museum. The Jakarta Cathedral, one of the oldest churches in Jakarta. There are many bus terminals in the city, from where buses operate on numerous routes to connect neighborhoods within the city limit, to other areas of Greater Jakarta area and to cities across the island of Java. They mostly descend from an eclectic mix of Southeast Asians brought or attracted to meet labour needs. [113] Throughout the same year, the total value of investment was Rp 108.6trillion (US$8billion), an increase of 84.7% from the previous year. These rivers, combined with the wet season rains and insufficient drainage due to clogging, make Jakarta prone to flooding. Jakarta International Velodrome is a sporting facility located at Rawamangun, which was used as a venue for the 2018 Asian Games. The Chinese in Jakarta mainly speak Indonesian and English due to a strict language ban during Soeharto's New Order era; older people may be fluent in Hokkien dialect and Mandarin, meanwhile the youngsters are only fluent in Indonesian and English, some educated in Mandarin. Gelora Bung Karno Stadium[169] hosted the group stage, quarterfinal and final of the 2007 AFC Asian Cup along with Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. Previously, governors were elected by the city's legislative body. Trendy restaurants, cafe and bars can be found at Menteng, Kemang,[160] Jalan Senopati,[161] Kuningan, Senayan, Pantai Indah Kapuk,[162] and Kelapa Gading. Most of the visitors attracted to Jakarta are domestic tourists. The city is the economic, cultural, and political centre of Indonesia. [18] Following the decline of Tarumanagara, its territories, including the Jakarta area, became part of the Hindu Kingdom of Sunda. The National Monument in Jakarta, designed by Sukarno, is Indonesia's beacon of nationalism. Several foreign art and culture centres in Jakarta promote culture and language through learning centres, libraries and art galleries. [42] The Greater Jakarta area includes three bordering regencies (Bekasi Regency, Tangerang Regency and Bogor Regency) and five adjacent cities (Bogor, Depok, Bekasi, Tangerang and South Tangerang). This could be halted by stopping extraction (as the city of Tokyo has done), increasing efficiency, and finding other sources for water use. Among the monumental projects were built, initiated, and planned during his administration are the National Monument, Istiqlal mosque, the Legislature Building, and the Gelora Bung Karno stadium. The wet season in Jakarta covers seven months: November to May. In 2021, the city's GRP PPP was estimated at US$602.946billion. Officially, the area of the Jakarta Special District is 662km2 (256sqmi) of land area and 6,977km2 (2,694sqmi) of sea area. In 2012, Governor of Jakarta Joko Widodo introduced a universal health care program, the 'Healthy Jakarta Card' (Kartu Jakarta Sehat, KJS). Pedicabs are banned from the city for causing traffic congestion. Rapid transit in Greater Jakarta consists of TransJakarta bus rapid transit, Jakarta LRT, Jakarta MRT, Greater Jakarta Commuter Rail, and Soekarno-Hatta Airport Rail Link. [99] Each of the ethnic groups uses their mother tongue at home, such as Betawi, Javanese, and Sundanese. The Senayan sports complex has several sports venues, including the Bung Karno football stadium, Madya Stadium, Istora Senayan, aquatic arena, baseball field, basketball hall, a shooting range, several indoor and outdoor tennis courts. Along the road from the Senayan traffic circle on Jalan Sudirman, South Jakarta, to the "Selamat Datang" Monument at the Hotel Indonesia traffic circle on Jalan Thamrin, north to the National Monument in Central Jakarta, cars are blocked from entering. [104] Jakarta ranked at 21 in the list of Cities Of Economic Influence Index in 2020 by CEOWORLD magazine. The Dutch burned the British fort and forced them to retreat on their ships. The victory consolidated Dutch power, and they renamed the city Batavia in 1619. Bajaj auto rickshaw provide local transportation in the back streets of some parts of the city. Angkot microbuses also play a major role in road transport of Jakarta. It is one of only two Asian capital cities located in the southern hemisphere (along with East Timor's Dili). [11] In 1527, Fatahillah, a Javanese general from Demak attacked and conquered Sunda Kelapa, driving out the Portuguese. In June 2011, Jakarta had only 10.5% green open spaces (Ruang Terbuka Hijau), although this grew to 13.94%. [96][97] Minang merchants are found in traditional markets, such as Tanah Abang and Senen.[98]. Four days of riots and violence in 1998 ensued that killed an estimated 1,200, and destroyed or damaged 6,000 buildings, forcing Suharto to resign. When relations between Prince Jayawikarta and the Dutch deteriorated, his soldiers attacked the Dutch fortress. [29] Projects included a cloverleaf interchange, a major boulevard (Jalan MH Thamrin-Sudirman), monuments such as The National Monument, Hotel Indonesia, a shopping centre, and a new building intended to be the headquarters of CONEFO. [141], STOVIA (School tot Opleiding van Indische Artsen, now Universitas Indonesia) was the first high school in Jakarta, established in 1851. Easy to install Installation instructions included. The dyke will be equipped with a pumping system and retention areas to defend against seawater and function as a toll road. [39] In August 2007, Jakarta held its first-ever election to choose a governor as part of a nationwide decentralisation program that allows direct local elections in several areas. The shape of the roof is reminiscent of the traditional Javanese joglo. Jakarta attracts people from across Indonesia, often in search of employment. The cultures of the Javanese and other Indonesian ethnic groups have a higher profile than that of the Betawi. Jakarta Marathon each November is recognised by AIMS and IAAF. The Roman Catholic community has a Metropolis, the Archdiocese of Jakarta that includes West Java as part of the ecclesiastical province. As shocks and struts get older, they allow your tires to bounce on the road more when you encounter bumps and potholes. [185] Regular under-spending is a matter of public comment. Shocks, struts, and cartridges are a great option to restore OE performance and normal. He began control of migration to the city to stem overcrowding and poverty. [119][120] Malls include Plaza Indonesia, Grand Indonesia, Plaza Senayan, Senayan City, Pacific Place, Gandaria City, ON Mall Jakarta Garden City and Tanjung Barat, Mall Taman Anggrek, as well as Pondok Indah Mall. The Jakarta City Hall at the south of Merdeka Square houses the office of the governor and the vice governor, and serves the main administrative office. [24], The city began to expand further south as epidemics in 1835 and 1870 forced residents to move away from the port. The city, however, is ranked as the fifth fastest-growing tourist destination among 132 cities according to MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index. Through the relationship with Prince Jayawikarta of Banten Sultanate, Dutch ships arrived in 1596. [13] After expanding to the south in the 19th century, this nickname came to be more associated with the suburbs (e.g. Toba Batak is the largest subset in Jakarta. [35] The boom ended with the 1997 Asian financial crisis, putting Jakarta at the centre of violence, protest, and political manoeuvring. After the war, the Dutch name Batavia was internationally recognised until full Indonesian independence on 27 December 1949. The project aimed to develop infrastructure, including the creation of a better integrated public transit system and the improvement of the city's clean water and wastewater systems, housing and flood control systems. Jakarta lies in a low and flat alluvial plain, ranging from 2 to 91m (7 to 299ft) with an average elevation of 8m (26ft) above sea level with historically extensive swampy areas. The parliament building features a hyperbolic roof reminiscent of German rationalist and Corbusian design concepts. [223], Jakarta hosts foreign embassies. Most landmarks, monuments and statues in Jakarta were begun in the 1960s during the Sukarno era, then completed in the Suharto era, while some date from the colonial period. Betawi arts have a low profile in Jakarta, and most Betawi people have moved to the suburbs. In 2005, tariffs were frozen, leading the private water companies to cut down on investments. [219] According to data by the Jakarta Water Supply Regulatory Body, access in the eastern half of the city served by PTJ increased from about 57% in 1998 to about 67% in 2004 but stagnated afterwards. [46][47] They flow from the Puncak highlands to the south of the city, then across the city northwards towards the Java Sea. The southern parts of the city are hilly. The houses were built of nangka wood (Artocarpus integrifolia) and comprise three rooms. In October 1965, Jakarta was the site of an abortive coup attempt in which six top generals were killed, precipitating a violent anti-communist purge which killed at least 500,000 people, including some ethnic Chinese. A public asset holding company called PAM Jaya owns the infrastructure. It has a seating capacity of 3,500 for track cycling, and up to 8,500 for shows and concerts,[172] which can also be used for various sports activities such as volleyball, badminton and futsal. Global fast-food chains are present, and usually found in Shopping malls, along with local brands like Sederhana, J'CO, Es Teler 77, Kebab Turki, CFC, and Japanese HokBen and Yoshinoya. Newspapers other than in Indonesian, mainly for a national and global audience, are also published daily. The 1961 census showed that 51% of the city's population was born in Jakarta. The provincial government consistently runs a surplus of between 15 and 20% of planned spending, primarily because of delays in procurement and other inefficiencies. After World War II ended, Indonesian nationalists declared independence on 17 August 1945,[28] and the government of Jakarta City was changed into the Jakarta National Administration in the following month. [132][133] In 2012, the tourism sector contributed Rp. Jakarta also serves as the seat of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Secretariat and is ASEAN's diplomatic capital.[224]. The dominant colonial styles can be divided into three periods: the Dutch Golden Age (17th to late 18th century), the transitional style period (late 18th century 19th century), and Dutch modernism (20th century). National newspapers based in Jakarta include Kompas, Koran Tempo, Media Indonesia and Republika, most of them has a news segment covering the city. Minangkabau street-food who sell Nasi Kapau, Sate Padang, and Soto Padang can be found at Jalan Kramat Raya and Jalan Bendungan Hilir in Central Jakarta. Jakarta Fair is held annually from mid-June to mid-July to celebrate the anniversary of the city and is mostly centred around a trade fair. No street in Casablanca is named after Jakarta. Jakarta cuisine can be found in modest street-side warung food stalls and kaki lima (five legs) travelling vendors to high-end fine dining restaurants. Indonesia is the largest economy of ASEAN, and Jakarta is the economic nerve centre of the Indonesian archipelago. Colonial architecture is apparent in houses and villas, churches, civic buildings and offices, mostly concentrated in the Jakarta Old Town and Central Jakarta. Some parts of the city have been constructed on reclaimed tidal flats that occur in around the area. The event invites local pedestrians to do sports and exercise and have their activities on the streets that are usually full of traffic. Knight Frank, a global real estate consultancy based in London, reported in 2014 that Jakarta offered the highest return on high-end property investment in the world in 2013, citing a supply shortage and a sharply depreciated currency as reasons.[118]. [36] Much of the rioting targeted Chinese Indonesians. It is a collection of 105 small islands located on the Java Sea. In the 17th century, the city was known as Koningin van het Oosten (Queen of the Orient), a name that was given for the urban beauty of downtown Batavia's canals, mansions and ordered city layout. After three decades in power, support for President Suharto began to wane. [121] Fashion retail brands in Jakarta include Debenhams at Senayan City and Lippo Mall Kemang Village,[122] Japanese Sogo,[123] Seibu at Grand Indonesia Shopping Town, and French brand, Galeries Lafayette, at Pacific Place. As of June 2021, Jakarta already has 63 kilometers of bicycle lanes, and another 101 kilometers will be added by the end of the year 2021.[205][206]. [109][110][111] Google and Alibaba have regional cloud centers in Jakarta. The only Japanese language newspaper is The Daily Jakarta Shimbun (). The internal valving consists of durable components for better performance and stability. [30] The event marked the beginning of Suharto's New Order. There is also a statue of Sukarno and Hatta at the Proclamation Monument as well as at the entrance to SoekarnoHatta International Airport. Aditya Jaya Hindu temple, Rawamangun, East Jakarta. Additionally, they have both implemented drainage systems involving canals, dams, and pumps vital for both cities for below-sea-level areas. Jakarta covers 699.5km2 (270.1sqmi), the smallest among any Indonesian provinces. Moreover, Jakarta is sinking about 5 to 10cm (2.0 to 3.9in) each year, and up to 20cm (7.9in) in the northern coastal areas. It is of high conservation value because of its unique ecosystems. Tensions grew as the colonial government tried to restrict Chinese migration through deportations. Hokkien, which is mainly from Sumatra (Medan, Bagansiapiapi, Batam) is mostly spoken in Northern Jakarta, such as in Pantai Indah Kapuk, Pluit, and Kelapa Gading, meanwhile Hakka and Teochew, which are derived from the Chinese communities in Pontianak and Singkawang, are mainly spoken in West Jakarta, like in Tambora and Grogol Petamburan. Based on Governor Decree 2007, No. [104] The most significant contributions to GRDP were by finance, ownership and business services (29%); trade, hotel and restaurant sector (20%), and manufacturing industry sector (16%). [14] During the Japanese occupation, the city was renamed as Jakaruta Tokubetsu-shi (, Jakarta Special City).[15]. Public parks are included in public green open spaces. Jakarta, formerly (until 1949) Batavia or (1949-72) Djakarta, largest city and capital of Indonesia. Architects such as J.C. Schultze and Eduard Cuypers designed some of the significant buildings. As across the western part of Java the wet season rainfall peaks in January and February with average monthly rainfall of 297.7mm (11.72in), and its dry season's low point is in August with a monthly average of 43.2mm (1.70in). Menteng and the area around Merdeka Square), with their wide lanes, green spaces and villas. Tensions peaked when four students were shot dead at Trisakti University by security forces. Special markets sell antique goods at Jalan Surabaya and gemstones in Rawabening Market. The Jakarta Military Command is located at East Jakarta and oversees several military battalions ready for defending the capital city and its vital installations. Limited-Lifetime Warranty. Local (non-central government) sources of revenue are incomes from various taxes such as vehicle ownership and vehicle transfer fees, among others. [34] Foreign investment contributed to a real estate boom that transformed the face of Jakarta. As the gateway of Indonesia, Jakarta often serves as a stop-over for foreign visitors on their way to other Indonesian tourist destinations such as Bali, Lombok, Komodo Island and Yogyakarta. While some private facilities are run by nonprofit or religious organisations, most are for-profit. The Koningsplein, now Merdeka Square was completed in 1818, the housing park of Menteng was started in 1913,[25] and Kebayoran Baru was the last Dutch-built residential area. [83] The population rose from 4.5million in 1970 to 9.5million in 2010, counting only legal residents, while the population of Greater Jakarta rose from 8.2million in 1970 to 28.5million in 2010. The BritAma Arena serves as a playground for Satria Muda Pertamina Jakarta, the 2017 runner-up of the Indonesian Basketball League. [8] Although Jakarta extends over only 664.01km2 (256.38sqmi), and thus has the smallest area of any Indonesian province, its metropolitan area covers 9,957.08km2 (3,844.45sqmi), which includes the satellite cities Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, South Tangerang, and Bekasi, and has an estimated population of 35million as of 2021[update], making it the largest urban area in Indonesia and the second-largest in the world (after Tokyo). Sensen Shocks & Struts Shock Absorber 12130595. Flona Jakarta is a flora-and-fauna exhibition, held annually in August at Lapangan Banteng Park, featuring flowers, plant nurseries, and pets. Moojen. [213] KJS is being integrated into JKN,[214] and KJS cards are still valid as of 2018. Kemang Raya: Part 1", "Fenomena Bisnis Kuliner di Jalan Senopati Jakarta", "Lenggang Jakarta, Tempat Nongkrong Baru di Monas", "Lenggang Jakarta Kemayoran Resmi Dibuka, Kawasan Sentra Kuliner Baru di Pusat Ibu Kota", "Superhot fried chicken eats into KFC's dominance in Indonesia", "Football stadiums of the world Stadiums in Indonesia", "Lintasan Sudah 90 Persen Rampung, Timnas Sepeda Jajal Venue Velodrome Awal Mei", "Equestrian Park Pulomas Ditargetkan Rampung November 2017", "Car-Free Day reduces air pollution: Tests", "Thousands of runners to join Jakarta Marathon 2015 on Sunday", "Here are the New Routes for Jakarta Marathon 2015 | GIVnews.com Indonesian Perspective to Global Audience", "Wonderful Indonesia Jakarta Marathon 2014: Indonesia's Biggest Running Event", "IAAF Approves Jakarta Marathon's Route | Metro | Tempo.Co:: Indonesian News Portal", "Sirkuit Formula E di Ancol Mulai Dibangun", "TV Digital Indonesia Siaran TV Digital", "Ini 21 Caleg DPR yang Terpilih dari DKI Jakarta", "Four years on, Ahok's 'Smart City' legacy lives on", "Jokowi spends less, provides more than Foke, say observers", "Council approves city budget for 2013, higher than proposed", "2019 draft city budget to be set at Rp 89 trillion", "Jakarta Proposes Rp95 Trillion Regional Budget Plan for 2020", "Jakarta revised budget estimated at Rp 72 trillion", "Hours to Go, Just to Get to Work: Indonesians Cope With Infuriating Traffic and Inefficient Public Transit", "Jakarta wins global 2021 Sustainable Transport Award for integrated public transportation", "Transportation Issues and Future Condition in Tokyo, Jakarta, Manila and Hiroshima", "Pulo Gebang, Terminal Terbesar se-ASEAN Diresmikan 28 Desember", "Potret Terkini LRT Jabodebek yang Beroperasi 2023", "Anies Baswedan Suggests Incentives for Workers Riding Bike to Work", "Indonesia: Asia's maritime gateway to the west", "Here's How Indonesia Can Benefit From China's Belt and Road Initiative", "Capital or not, Jakarta looks toward urban regeneration", "Pemprov DKI Jakarta Masuki Tahun ke-4 Integrasikan KJS ke Program JKN-KIS", "Dinkes Pastikan KJS Masih Tetap Berlaku - Beritajakarta.id", "Bukan Jakarta, Penduduk yang Miliki BPJS di Provinsi Ini Terbanyak Se-Indonesia", "Indonesia's health care industry is on the rise", "Mayapada Hospital Jakarta Selatan Diresmikan", Disconnected: Poverty, Water Supply and Development in Jakarta, Indonesia, "Poor Water Service, Most of Jakarta People Threatened by E-Coli", "Kementerian ESDM: Jakarta Krisis Air Bersih", "Jakarta is Affirmed to be a Diplomatic Capital City", "Morocco seeks to boost business ties with RI: Envoy", "21 State Capitals Working with Sister City with Jakarta", "Indonesia for 'sister city' agreement with Vijayawada", "Jakarta and Rotterdam strengthen ties on urban water management", "The Political Economy of Urban Poverty and Environmental Management in Asia: Access, Empowerment and Community-based Alternatives", "The Politics of Sport. [11] Before it was called Jayakarta, the city was known as 'Sunda Kelapa'. The most famous landmark, which became the symbol of the city, is the 132m-tall (433ft) obelisk of the National Monument (Monumen Nasional or Monas) in the centre of Merdeka Square. [95] Working Minangkabau in the 1980s in high proportions were well-embedded merchants, artisans, doctors, teachers or journalists. [203] Main terminus for long distance train services are Gambir and Pasar Senen. Although many of the projects were completed after his presidency, Sukarno, who was an architect, is credited for planning Jakarta's monuments and landmarks, as he desired the city to be the beacon of a powerful new nation. As of 2017, according to the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Jakarta had a crisis over clean water. [44] The Thousand Islands, which are administratively a part of Jakarta, are located in Jakarta Bay, north of the city. The Betawi culture is distinct from those of the Sundanese or Javanese, forming a language island in the surrounding area. Free In-Store or Curbside Pick Up. [222] Those without access to piped water get water mostly from wells that are often salty and unsanitary. The most recent landmark built is the Jakarta International Stadium. On 5 March 1942, the Japanese wrested Batavia from Dutch control, and the city was named Jakarta (Jakarta Special City (, Jakaruta tokubetsu-shi), under the special status that was assigned to the city). 171. taken from Statistics DKI Jakarta Provincial Office. Jakarta is home to numerous educational institutions. Customer growth in the first seven years of the concessions had been lower than before, possibly because of substantial inflation-adjusted tariff increases during this period. After independence, the process of nation-building in Indonesia and demolishing the memory of colonialism was as important as the symbolic building of arterial roads, monuments, and government buildings. [196], As a metropolitan area of about 30 million people, Jakarta has a variety of transport systems. The city, now renamed Jakarta, was officially proclaimed the national capital of Indonesia. Jakarta's main challenges include rapid urban growth, ecological breakdown, gridlocked traffic, congestion, and flooding. Jakarta also host the largest Buddhism adherent in Java Island, where most of the followers are the Chinese, The city also has Hindu community, which mainly are from Balinese and Indian people. [142] Jakarta houses many students from around Indonesia, many of whom reside in dormitories or home-stay residences. Architectural styles reflect Malay, Javanese, Arabic, Chinese and Dutch influences. [187] Jakarta's regional budget (APBD) was Rp 77.1trillion ($US5.92billion), Rp 83.2trillion ($US6.2billion), and Rp 89trillion ($US6.35billion) for the year of 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively.[188][189][190]. Other landmarks include the Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta Cathedral and the Immanuel Church. [40], During the Jokowi presidency, the Government adopted a plan to move Indonesia's capital to East Kalimantan.[41]. There is also a Sikh and Bah Faith community presence in Jakarta.[103]. [88] The gender ratio was 102.8 (males per 100 females) in 2010,[89] and 101.3 in 2014.[90]. Check if this fits your 2013 Honda Civic. In the early 1960s, Jakarta provided highways and super-scale cultural monuments as well as Senayan Sports Stadium. A significant Chinese community has lived in Jakarta for many centuries. 5 of 1974 relating to regional governments, Jakarta was confirmed as the capital of Indonesia and one of the country's then 26 provinces.[31]. The University of Indonesia (UI) is the largest and oldest tertiary-level educational institution in Indonesia. [61] As of 2014, 183 water reservoirs and lakes supported the greater Jakarta area.[62]. In 2017, Jakarta's religious composition was distributed over Islam (83.43%), Protestantism (8.63%), Catholicism (4.0%), Buddhism (3.74%), Hinduism (0.19%), and Confucianism (0.01%). It is highly recommended that Town Car gas shocks be replaced about every 50,000 miles to maintain the vehicles suspension. The number of Batak people has grown in ranking, from eighth in 1930 to fifth in 2000. The elite suburb Menteng, developed during the 1910s, was the city's first attempt at creating ideal and healthy housing for the middle class. [202] A notable feature of Jakarta's present road system is the toll road network. [23] With Jakarta selected to host the 1962 Asian Games, Soekarno, envisaging Jakarta as a great international city, instigated large government-funded projects with openly nationalistic and modernist architecture. With the recent urbanization of Chinese communities from several rural areas in Indonesia, other Chinese dialects have been brought into the Chinese community in Jakarta, such as Hakka, Teochew and Cantonese. Government-run specialised hospitals include Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital, as well as community hospitals and puskesmas. The private healthcare sector has seen significant changes, as the government began allowing foreign investment in the private sector in 2010. 17.83trillion (US$1.45billion), a 17.9% increase from the previous year 2011. August qualifies as the genuine dry season month, as it has less than 60mm (2.4in) of rainfall. The Golden Triangle of Jakarta is one of the fastest evolving CBD's in the Asia-Pacific region. The project is expected to be completed by 2025. [158] Chinese street-food is plentiful at Jalan Pangeran, Manga Besar and Petak Sembilan in the old Jakarta area, while the Little Tokyo area of Blok M has many Japanese style restaurants and bars.[159]. They traditionally reside around old urban areas, such as Pinangsia, Pluit and Glodok (Jakarta's Chinatown) areas. Jakarta has local television channels such as TVRI Jakarta, JakTV, Elshinta TV and KTV. [52] External influences inform the architecture of the Betawi house. Other international schools include the Jakarta International Korean School, Bina Bangsa School, Jakarta International Multicultural School,[144] Australian International School,[145] New Zealand International School,[146] Singapore International School, Jakarta Japanese School,[147] and Sekolah Pelita Harapan.[148]. [175][176][177][178][179], Jakarta successfully hosted the first Jakarta ePrix race of the Formula E championship in June 2022 at Ancol Circuit, North Jakarta.[180]. After a feasibility study, a ring dyke known as Giant Sea Wall Jakarta is under construction around Jakarta Bay to help cope with the threat from the sea. Jakarta's business and employment opportunities, along with its ability to offer a potentially higher standard of living compared to other parts of the country, have attracted migrants from across the Indonesian archipelago, making it a melting pot of numerous cultures. [93] It is thus a conundrum for some Javanese people, especially multi-generational Jakarta residents, to identify as either Javanese or Betawi, since living in a Betawi-majority district and speaking more of that creole and adapting is a matter of preference for such families. Between 1961 and 1980, the population of Jakarta doubled, and during the period 19801990, the city's population grew annually by 3.7%. Various rail-based transports in Jakarta, from top left to right: Note: Census figures (1950 and 1980) cover. [22] Jayawikarta is thought to have made trading connections with the British merchants, rivals of the Dutch, by allowing them to build houses directly across from the Dutch buildings in 1615.[21]. Many TV stations are analogue PAL, but some are now converting to digital signals using DVB-T2 following a government plan to digital television migration.[181]. As of 2010, 36.17% of the city's population were Javanese, 28.29% Betawi (locally established mixed race, cemented by diverse creole), 14.61% Sundanese, 6.62% Chinese, 3.42% Batak, 2.85% Minangkabau, 0.96% Malays, Indo and others 7.08%. Chinese language newspapers also circulate, such as Indonesia Shang Bao (), Harian Indonesia (), and Guo Ji Ri Bao (). At present, there are two such food courts, located at Monas and Kemayoran. [107][108], Jakarta's economy depends highly on manufacturing and service sectors such as banking, trading and financial. [117] Jakarta has a bustling luxury property market. The Minangkabau mainly speak Minangkabau together with Indonesian. In 1602, the British East India Company's first voyage, commanded by Sir James Lancaster, arrived in Aceh and sailed on to Banten where they were allowed to build a trading post. SELECT STORE. Examples are English-language newspapers The Jakarta Post and online-only The Jakarta Globe. As of 2017, the city is home to six Forbes Global 2000, two Fortune 500 and seven Unicorn companies. Honda Civic 2011, Shock Absorbers and Struts by Suncore. Jakarta's most popular home football club is Persija, which plays in Indonesia Super League. The Batak in Jakarta mostly speak Indonesian, while the older generation tends to speak their native languages, such as Batak Toba, Mandailing, and Karo, depending on which ancestral towns and places in North Sumatra they come from. For basketball, the Kelapa Gading Sport Mall in Kelapa Gading, North Jakarta, with a capacity of 7,000 seats, is the home arena of the Indonesian national basketball team. In 2015, more than 15,000 runners from 53 countries participated. Jenderal Sudirman Kav. These parts allow the wheels to travel up and down when encountering potholes or bumps in the road to smooth out the ride, but they become less effective over time. Colonial buildings and structures include those that were constructed during the colonial period. [168] Jakarta also hosted the Southeast Asian Games in 1979, 1987, 1997 and 2011 (supporting Palembang). As of September 2022, Jakarta's public transport service coverage has reached 86 percent, which is targeted to Increase to 95 percent. Though Betawi people are an indigenous community of Jakarta, the city's culture represents many languages and ethnic groups, support differences regarding religion, traditions and linguistics, rather than any single and dominant culture. During the Indonesian National Revolution, Indonesian Republicans withdrew from Allied-occupied Jakarta and established their capital in Yogyakarta. [55] These houses were developed by N.V. de Bouwploeg, and established by P.A.J. Daily local newspapers in Jakarta are Pos Kota and Warta Kota, as well as the now-defunct Indopos. An 'odd-even' policy limits road use to cars with either odd or even-numbered registration plates on a particular day as a transitional measure to alleviate traffic congestion until the future introduction of electronic road pricing. Kim Tek Ie, the oldest Taoist and Buddhist temple in Jakarta. It also assists the Jakarta Metropolitan Police during certain tasks, such as supporting security during state visits, VVIP security, and riot control. ", "30 lakes and reservoirs in Greater Jakarta disappear", "Kalijodo Park Expected to be New Tourism Icon in Indonesia", "Taman Wisata Alam Angke Kapuk, Permata di Utara Jakarta", "Metro Madness: A Day of Betawi Culture at Setu Babakan", "Travel: Must-visit public parks in the capital", "City allocates Rp 140 billion to revamp five parks", "Climatological Average of Kemayoran Meteorological Station for 1981-2010", "Jakarta, Indonesia Monthly weather forecast and Climate data", "Jabotabek, the Jakarta metropolitan area", "After census city plans for 9.5million", "BRT Case Study 5 - Annex 5 Case Studies and Lessons - Module 2: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT): Toolkit for Feasibility Studies", "Population growth of Greater Jakarta and its impact", "Data collection, analysis, visualization and sharing", "Statistics of DKI Jakarta Province 2017", "As English Spreads, Indonesians Fear for Their Language", "Population by Region and Religion in Indonesia", "Most economically influential cities in the world, 2020", "Shenzhen and Jakarta shine in city economy forecasts for 2030", "Jakarta makes top 20 for resilient cities in global real estate index", "2028, Jakarta Diperkirakan Masuk Daftar Kota Tangguh Dunia", "Six Indonesian Companies Make Forbes Global 2000 List", "Indonesia expects to have more than 5 unicorns by 2019: minister", "Google launches first Cloud region in Indonesia", "Realisasi Investasi di DKI Jakarta 2017 Capai Rp108,6 Triliun", "18 Konglomerat Indonesia Tinggal di Jakarta", "Mercer's annual Cost of Living Survey finds African, Asian, and European cities dominate the list of most expensive locations for working abroad", "Jakarta: The Luxury Property Capital of the World - The Jakarta Globe", "Jakarta, Kota dengan Lahan Mal Terluas di Dunia", "Jakarta, a city with many shopping centers", "Jakarta Malls and Shopping Centers luxury shopping in Jakarta, Indonesia", "Jalan Satrio Dijadikan "Shopping Belt" Jakarta", "Special Transjakarta buses to serve city shoppers", "Jakarta named the most popular location tag on Instagram Stories", "Jakarta among top 10 cities on Instagram", "Jakarta in big five world's fastest growing destinations", "Jakarta among 10 fastest growing tourist cities in the world", "Jakarta likely to see tourist influx in 2027, study says", "Euromonitor International's Top 100 City Destinations Ranking", "Jakarta preps MICE tourism to lure more tourists", "Ministry holds national convention to develop MICE tourism", "University of Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta", "Jakarta International Multicultural School", "Welcome to Australian International School Indonesia", "Welcome to New Zealand International School", "Lebaran Betawi: An event to maintain bonds and traditions", "Festival Condet 2019, Upaya untuk Lestarikan Budaya Betawi", "Where to go for a drink and to dress up to impress", "Jakarta Travel Tips: Where to go and what to do in 48 hours", "The legendary eateries you must visit in Blok M", Kramat Raya, "Surga" Nasi Kapau di Jakarta yang Ikonik, "A Trip to Melawai's Little Tokyo in Jakarta", "JakPost guide to Jl. For example, traditional Padang restaurants and low-budget Warteg (Warung Tegal) food-stalls are ubiquitous in the capital. The Jayakarta Military Regional Command (Indonesian: Komando Daerah Militer Jayakarta, abbreviated Kodam Jaya) is the territorial army of the Indonesian Army, which serves as a defence component for Jakarta and its surrounding areas (Greater Jakarta). For basic education, a variety of primary and secondary schools are available, tagged with the public (national), private (national and bi-lingual national plus) and international labels. [184] The ability of the regional government to respond to Jakarta's many problems is constrained by limited finances. English is used for communication, especially in Central and South Jakarta. [48] In January 2014, the central government agreed to build two dams in Ciawi, Bogor and a 1.2km (0.75mi) tunnel from Ciliwung River to Cisadane River to ease flooding in the city. The briefer Car-Free Day, which lasts from 6 AM to 9 AM, is held on every other Sunday. Another transit system Greater Jakarta LRT is expected to be operational by June 2023. The last mayor of Jakarta was Soediro until he was replaced by Soemarno Sosroatmodjo as governor. His army and the British, however, were defeated by the Dutch, in part owing to the timely arrival of Jan Pieterszoon Coen. According to the Chinese source, Chu-fan-chi, written circa 1225, Chou Ju-kua reported in the early 13th century that Srivijaya still ruled Sumatra, the Malay peninsula and western Java (Sunda). Over generations, most have intermarried with one or more ethnicities, especially people of Chinese, Arab and European descent. On its southwest corner stands a Mahabharata-themed Arjuna Wijaya chariot statue and fountain. To promote friendship between the two cities, the main avenue famous for its shopping and business centres was named after Jakarta's Moroccan sister city. Jakarta International Java Jazz Festival (JJF) is one of the largest jazz festivals in the world, the biggest in the Southern hemisphere, and is held annually in March. The remaining five months (June to October) constitute the city's drier season (save for June having an average monthly rainfall of less than 100mm (3.9in). The rivers of Jakarta are highly polluted and currently unsuitable for drinking water. [211], Jakarta has many of the country's best-equipped private and public healthcare facilities. Jalan Sabang,[154][155] Jalan Sidoarjo, Jalan Kendal at Menteng area, Kota Tua, Blok S, Blok M,[156] Jalan Tebet,[157] are all popular destinations for street-food lovers. High-speed railways being constructed connecting Jakarta to Bandung and another one is at planning stage from Jakarta to Surabaya. [186] In 2013, the budget was around Rp 50trillion ($US5.2billion), equivalent to around $US380 per citizen. The local cuisine is Betawi cuisine, which reflects various foreign culinary traditions. The representatives are elected from Jakarta's three national electoral districts, which also includes overseas voters. Jakarta is part of the Maritime Silk Road that runs from the Chinese coast via the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean and there to the Upper Adriatic region. These cement the pluralism in ethnic and national identities found in contemporary Jakarta; Board of Editors, Contributions to Southeast Asian Ethnography, 1987, Pemerintah Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, Ensiklopedi Jakarta: Culture & Heritage, Vol. [228] This cooperation is mainly because both cities are dealing with similar problems; they lie in low-lying flat plains and are prone to flooding. [91] They are thus a creole ethnic group who came from much of Indonesia. Two private companies, PALYJA and Aetra, provide piped water in the western and eastern half of Jakarta respectively under 25-year concession contracts signed in 1998. Jakarta's nominal GDP was US$203.702billion and PPP GDP was US$602.946billion in 2021, which is about 17% of Indonesia's. As the capital of Indonesia, Jakarta is a melting pot of cultures from all ethnic groups of the country. [56] Built-in 1996, Wisma 46 soars to a height of 262m (860ft) and its nib-shaped top celebrates technology and symbolises stereoscopy. Most pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) in Jakarta are affiliated with the traditionalist Nahdlatul Ulama,[101] modernist organisations mostly catering to a socioeconomic class of educated urban elites and merchant traders. In response to these challenges, in August 2019, President Joko Widodo announced that the capital of Indonesia would be moved from Jakarta to the planned city of Nusantara, in the province of East Kalimantan on the island of Borneo. Honda Civic 2010, Shock Absorbers and Struts by FCS. Based on law No. Most of the SOEs include Pertamina, PLN, Angkasa Pura, and Telkomsel operate head offices in the city, as do major Indonesian conglomerates, such as Salim Group, Sinar Mas Group, Astra International, Gudang Garam, Kompas-Gramedia, CT Corp, Emtek, and MNC Group. Betawi cuisine is heavily influenced by Malay-Chinese Peranakan cuisine, Sundanese and Javanese cuisine, which is also influenced by Indian, Arabic and European cuisines. SoekarnoHatta International Airport (CGK) is the main airport serving the Greater Jakarta area, while Halim Perdanakusuma Airport (HLP) accommodates private and low-cost domestic flights. [200] Jakarta was awarded 2021 global Sustainable Transport Award (STA) for integrated public transportation system.[201]. [105] According to the Japan Center for Economic Research, GRP per capita of Jakarta will rank 28th among the 77 cities in 2030 from 41st in 2015, the largest in Southeast Asia. Jakarta is trying to attract more international tourist by MICE tourism, by arranging increasing numbers of conventions. Eighty per cent of the water distributed in Jakarta comes through the West Tarum Canal system from Jatiluhur reservoir on the Citarum River, 70km (43mi) southeast of the city. FCS bare shocks and struts are engineered to restore your vehicle's handling and control. Other airports in the Jakarta metropolitan area include Pondok Cabe Airport and an airfield on Pulau Panjang, part of the Thousand Island archipelago. The urban construction booms continued during the 21st century. The northern part of Jakarta is plain land, some areas of which are below sea level,[43] and subject to frequent flooding. Both land price and rents have become expensive. The first European fleet, four Portuguese ships from Malacca, arrived in 1513 while looking for a route for spices. However, its metropolitan area covers 6,392km2 (2,468sqmi), which extends into two of the bordering provinces of West Java and Banten. Sunda Kelapa was renamed Jayakarta,[11] and became a fiefdom of the Banten Sultanate, which became a major Southeast Asian trading centre. Jakarta International Equestrian Park is an equestrian sports venue located at Pulomas, which was also used as a venue for 2018 Asian Games. [212] In January 2014, the Indonesian government launched a universal health care system called the Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), which is run by BPJS Kesehatan. [50], Environmental advocates point out that subsidence is driven by the extraction of groundwater, much of it illegal. During the event, morning gymnastics, callisthenics and aerobic exercises, futsal games, jogging, bicycling, skateboarding, badminton, karate, on-street library and musical performances take over the roads and the main parks.[174]. The Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Regional Police (Indonesian: Polda Metro Jaya) is the police force that is responsible to maintain law, security, and order for the Jakarta metropolitan area. [51], Jakarta has architecturally significant buildings spanning distinct historical and cultural periods. [45] Thirteen rivers flow through Jakarta. Each city and regency is divided into districts/Kecamatan. Jakarta is administratively equal to a province with special status. Jakarta lies on the northwest coast of Java at the mouth of the Ciliwung (Liwung River), on Jakarta Bay (an embayment of the Java Sea). Location: Rear. [128] The World Travel and Tourism Council also listed Jakarta as among the top ten fastest-growing tourism cities in the world in 2017[129] and categorised it as an emerging performer, which will see a significant increase in tourist arrivals in less than ten years. [16] The area in and around modern Jakarta was part of the 4th-century Sundanese kingdom of Tarumanagara, one of the oldest Hindu kingdoms in Indonesia. As of 2015, with a total of 550 hectares, Jakarta had the largest shopping mall floor area within a single city. [60] There are about 300 integrated child-friendly public spaces (RPTRA) in the city in 2019. He cleared out slum dwellers for new development projects some for the benefit of the Suharto family,[33] and attempted to eliminate rickshaws and ban street vendors. [87] It is predicted to reach 35.6million people by 2030 to become the world's biggest megacity. As of 2001 they self-identified as being 5.5%, which was thought of as under-reported;[94] this explains the 6.6% figure ten years later. It is led by a two-star police general (Inspector General of Police) with the title of "Greater Jakarta Regional Police Chief" (Indonesian: Kepala Kepolisian Daerah Metro Jaya, abbreviated Kapolda Metro Jaya). The Sudirman and Thamrin statues are located on the streets bearing their names. Some festivals such as the Jalan Jaksa Festival, Kemang Festival, Festival Condet and Lebaran Betawi include efforts to preserve Betawi arts by inviting artists to display performances. The DT and DG Series is the replacement for an OE monotube design Automatically adjusts to driving conditions. The Satrio-Casablanca shopping belt includes Kuningan City, Mal Ambassador, Kota Kasablanka, and Lotte Shopping Avenue. [31], The Wealth Report 2015 by Knight Frank reported that 24 individuals in Indonesia in 2014 had wealth at least US$1billion and 18 live in Jakarta. Traditional music is often found at high-class hotels, including Wayang and Gamelan performances. It was named for Muslim troops of Fatahillah which successfully defeated and drove out the Portuguese away from the city in 1527. Four of the major international schools are the Gandhi Memorial International School, IPEKA International Christian School,[143] Jakarta Intercultural School and the British School Jakarta. Radio entities are based in Jakarta, for example, national radio networks MNC Trijaya FM, Prambors FM, Trax FM, I-Radio, Hard Rock FM, Delta FM, Global FM and the public radio RRI; as well as local stations Gen FM, Radio Elshinta and Z99,9. Each city and regency is divided into administrative districts. The 'Betawi' (Orang Betawi, or 'people of Batavia') are immigrant-descendants of the old city who became widely recognised as an ethnic group by the mid-19th century. This sudden population increase created burdens on the city. [182] It also sends 4 delegates, just like other provinces, to the national upper house parliament. The former Batavia Stadhuis, Sunda Kelapa port in Jakarta Old Town is another landmark. The Tugu inscription (probably written around 417 AD) discovered in Batutumbuh hamlet, Tugu village, Koja, North Jakarta, mentions that King Purnawarman of Tarumanagara undertook hydraulic projects; the irrigation and water drainage project of the Chandrabhaga river and the Gomati river near his capital. Other options for healthcare services include private hospitals and clinics. Jakarta (/dkrt/; Indonesian pronunciation:[dakarta] (listen), Betawi: Jakarte), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (Indonesian: Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Executive governance consists of five administrative cities (Indonesian: Kota Administrasi), each headed by a mayor (walikota) and one administrative regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Administrasi) headed by a regent (bupati). Jakarta has established a partnership with Rotterdam, especially on integrated urban water management, including capacity-building and knowledge exchange. [19] The source says the port of Sunda as strategic and thriving, mentioning pepper from Sunda as among the best in quality. The biggest of the bus terminal is Pulo Gebang Bus Terminal, which is arguably the largest of its kind in Southeast Asia. Jakarta is the headquarters for Indonesia's public television TVRI as well as private national television networks, such as Metro TV, tvOne, Kompas TV, RCTI and NET. [58] It has more buildings taller than 150metres than any other Southeast Asian or Southern Hemisphere cities. Traditional markets include Blok M, Mayestik, Tanah Abang, Senen, Pasar Baru, Glodok, Mangga Dua, Cempaka Mas, and Jatinegara. It is coextensive with the metropolitan district of Greater Jakarta (Jakarta Raya) and nearly coextensive with the daerah khusus ibukota (special capital . After securing full independence, Jakarta again became the national capital in 1950. Jakarta (/ d k r t /; Indonesian pronunciation: [dakarta] (), Betawi: Jakarte), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (Indonesian: Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta) is the capital and largest city of Indonesia.Lying on the northwest coast of Java, the world's most populous island, Jakarta is the largest city in Southeast Asia and serves as the diplomatic capital of . The Jakarta provincial government relies on transfers from the central government for the bulk of its income. All varieties of Indonesian cuisine have a presence in Jakarta. [136] There is a vocational higher education, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta (PNJ). The people worked in agriculture, and their houses were built on wooden piles. [102] Many Islamic organisations have headquarters in Jakarta, including Nahdlatul Ulama, Indonesian Ulema Council, Muhammadiyah, and Jaringan Islam Liberal. The Ciliwung River divides the city into the western and eastern districts. For the genus of cicada, see. Below is the list of names used during its existence: The name 'Jakarta' is derived from the word Jayakarta (Devanagari: ) which is ultimately derived from the Sanskrit jaya (victorious),[9] and krta (accomplished, acquired),[10] thus Jayakarta translates as 'victorious deed', 'complete act' or 'complete victory'. It possesses a province-level status and has a population of 10,609,681 as of mid 2021. [92] Most Betawis lived in the fringe zones with few Betawi-majority zones of central Jakarta. [38] Jemaah Islamiah-connected bombings occurred almost annually in the city between 2000 and 2005,[23] with another in 2009. The north coast area of western Java including Jakarta was the location of prehistoric Buni culture that flourished from 400 BC to 100 AD. Privately owned bus systems like Kopaja, MetroMini, Mayasari Bakti and PPD also provide important services for Jakarta commuters with numerous routes throughout the city. 55, Senayan, Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta and their hotline-emergency number is 110. Jakarta consists of five Kota Administratif (Administrative cities/municipalities), each headed by a mayor, and one Kabupaten Administratif (Administrative regency). The Betawi language is distinct from those of the Sundanese or Javanese, forming itself as a language island in the surrounding area. Javanese Wayang Orang performances can be found at Wayang Orang Bharata theatre. Indonesian is the official and dominant language of Jakarta, while many elderly people speak Dutch or Chinese, depending on their upbringing. Sukarno also built many nationalistic monuments and statues in the capital city.[59]. Some of statues and monuments are nationalist, such as the West Irian Liberation Monument, the Tugu Tani, the Youth statue and the Dirgantara statue. [152] Live music venues and exclusive restaurants are abundant. [106] Savills Resilient Cities Index has predicted Jakarta to be within the top 20 cities in the world by 2028. Jakarta ranks first among the Indonesian provinces in human development index. At one time, it was the de facto capital of the Dutch East Indies, when it was known as Batavia. Following a revolt, 5,000 Chinese were massacred by the Dutch and natives on 9 October 1740, and the following year, Chinese inhabitants were moved to Glodok outside the city walls. Commercial opportunities in the city attracted native and especially Chinese and Arab immigrants. [49] Nowadays, a 1.2km (0.75mi), with capacity 60m3 (2,100cuft) per second, underground water tunnel between Ciliwung River and the East Flood Canal is being worked on to ease the Ciliwung River overflows. Jakarta is home to most of Indonesian national newspapers, besides some local-based newspapers. Jakarta signed sister city agreements with other cities, including Casablanca. The main mode of transportation between the islands is speed boats or small ferries. 2.6trillion (US$268.5million) to the city's total direct income of Rp. The Sumatran residents are diverse. Jakarta is situated on the northwest coast of Java, at the mouth of the Ciliwung River on Jakarta Bay, an inlet of the Java Sea. [124] Shopping malls are also located at Grogol and Puri Indah in West Jakarta. [125], Though Jakarta has been named the most popular location as per tag stories,[126] and ranked eighth most-posted among the cities in the world in 2017 on image-sharing site Instagram,[127] it is not a top international tourist destination. Hence, it is one of the fastest-sinking capitals in the world. [204] The city administration is building transit oriented development like Dukuh Atas TOD and CSW-ASEAN TOD in several area across Jakarta to facilitate commuters to transfer between different mode of public transportation. [20] The harbour area became known as Sunda Kelapa, (Sundanese: ) and by the 14th century, it was an important trading port for the Sunda Kingdom. The Jakarta Smart City (JSC) program was launched on 14 December 2014 with a goal for smart governance, smart people, smart mobility, smart economy, smart living and a smart environment in the city using the web and various smartphone-based apps.[183]. It is led by an army Major General with the title of "Jakarta Military Regional Commander" (Indonesian: Panglima Daerah Militer Kodam Jaya, abbreviated Pangdam Jaya). [57] According to CTBUH and Emporis, there are 88 skyscrapers that reach or exceed 150m (490ft), which puts the city in the top 10 of world rankings. [220] However, other sources cite much lower access figures for piped water supply to houses, excluding access provided through public hydrants: one study estimated access as low as 25% in 2005,[221] while another estimated it to be as low as 18.5% in 2011. It is a public institution with campuses in Salemba (Central Jakarta) and in Depok. Part # 12130595. Jakarta is an alpha world city and is the seat of the ASEAN secretariat. According to the 2020 census, roughly 361,000 Batak; 300,960 Minangkabau and 101,370 Malays lived in the city. [116] Industrial development and the construction of new housing thrive on the outskirts, while commerce and banking remain concentrated in the city centre. Its office is located at Jl. The first government was led by a mayor until the end of 1960 when the office was changed to that of a governor. 1, Dinas Kebudayaan dan Permuseuman, 2005, Last edited on 24 December 2022, at 14:29, Jakarta Regional People's Representative Council, Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport, oldest continuously inhabited cities in Southeast Asia, List of colonial buildings and structures in Jakarta, its first-ever election to choose a governor, Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, List of museums and cultural institutions in Indonesia, MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, government plan to digital television migration, Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Regional Police, List of twin towns and sister cities in Indonesia, "Provinsi - Kementerian Dalam Negeri - Republik Indonesia", "Basis Data Pusat Pengemangan Kawasan Perkotaan", "Human Development Indices by Province, 2020-2021 (New Method)", "Jakarta sinks as Indonesian capital and Borneo takes on mantle", "Publikasi Provinsi dan Kabupaten Hasil Sementara SP2010", "The Tides: Efforts Never End to Repel an Invading Sea", "Maja River in Pegadungan Strewn with Water Hyacinth and Mud", "BPK slams city's efforts to manage liquid waste", "Dutch to study new dike for Jakarta Bay", "New Ciliwung River Dams Planned as Jakarta Struggles With Latest Floods", "Jatinegara residents complain about underground tunnel project", "Jakarta, the fastest-sinking city in the world", "Number of cultural heritage buildings in Jakarta increased", "Where are the fastest evolving Central Business Districts in Asia Pacific? The shocks are what stop the vehicle from bouncing. Taxicabs and ojeks (motorcycle taxis) are available in the city. A bunch of business newspapers (Bisnis Indonesia, Investor Daily and Kontan) and sports newspapers (TopSkor and Super Ball) are also published. The Autograph Tower in Central Jakarta, at 382.9metres, is the tallest building in Indonesia. As a province, its government consists of five administrative cities and one administrative regency. Lenggang Jakarta is a food court, accommodating small traders and street vendors,[163] where Indonesian foods are available within a single compound. Jakarta hosted the 1962 Asian Games,[167] and the 2018 Asian Games, co-hosted by Palembang. It was established in 2013. Jakarta was officially a city within West Java until 1960, when its official status was changed to a province with special capital region distinction. Other popular street foods include nasi goreng (fried rice), sate (skewered meats), pecel lele (fried catfish), bakso (meatballs), bakpau (Chinese bun) and siomay (fish dumplings). Jakarta is a member of the Asian Network of Major Cities 21, C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group and ASEAN Smart Cities Network. Other popular Betawi dishes include soto kaki, nasi uduk, kerak telor (spicy omelette), nasi ulam, asinan, ketoprak, rujak and gado-gado Betawi (salad in peanut sauce). In addition to its sister cities, Jakarta cooperates with:[226], "Jacatra" redirects here. The water supply was privatised by President Suharto in 1998 to the French company Suez Environnement and the British company Thames Water International. However, the Moroccan capital city of Rabat has an avenue named after Sukarno, Indonesia's first president, to commemorate his visit in 1960 and as a token of friendship.[225]. Istiqlal Mosque is the largest mosque in Southeast Asia. Established in the fourth century as Sunda Kelapa, the city became an important trading port for the Sunda Kingdom. It is strategically located near the Sunda Strait. In the early 20th century, most buildings were built in Neo-Renaissance style. It is mostly based on the East Malay dialect and enriched by loan words from Dutch, Portuguese, Sundanese, Javanese, Chinese, and Arabic, the Betawi language transform into Jakarta slang, which is all Jakartans used till today no matter which ethnic they are come from. 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